Comparisons of chondroitin sulphate levels in orthodontically moved canines and clinical outcomes between two different force patterns

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Author Details : Threesuttacheep R, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P, Ongchai S, Jotikasthira D, Chatiketu P, Krisanpra

Volume : 3, Issue : 1, Year : 2015

Article Page : 5-15

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Abstract

Purposes: The aims were to monitor remaining interrupted force magnitudes, and to compare chondroitin sulphate (CS) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of moved mandibular canines, rates of space closure and patients’ pain and discomfort between interrupted and continuous orthodontic force patterns.
Materials and method: Fifteen Class I malocclusion patients (5 males and 10 females; aged 17.00 + 3.18 years) who required orthodontic treatment with first premolar extractions, were recruited. Interrupted force pattern was generated by elastomeric chains, and continuous force pattern by Nickel-Titanium closed coil springs. Initial force magnitude was 120 g. Elastomeric chains were replaced by new ones at the end of fourth week during the loaded periods. During the unloaded and the loaded periods, remaining interrupted force magnitudes were measured, and those of continuous force pattern were calibrated and controlled. GCF samples were collected with Periopaper® strips. CS levels were measured by competitive ELISA with WF6 monoclonal antibody during the 8-week control, the unloaded and the 8-week loaded periods. Rates of space closure were measured, and amount of pain and discomfort was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) scores.
Results: Medians of interrupted force magnitudes were 120.0, 60.0, 50.0, 37.5 and 25.0 g, and after elastomeric chain replacement were 120.0, 62.5, 37.5, 25.0 and 25.0 g respectively. There were no significant differences in the median CS levels between the 8-week control and the unloaded periods, and between right and left mandibular canines. Medians of CS levels during the loaded periods, both interrupted and continuous force patterns, were significantly greater than those during the unloaded period (P=0.008 and P=0.027 respectively). Differences between medians of CS levels of interrupted and continuous force patterns during each 1-week loaded period were not significant. There was no significant difference in the rates of space closure, and the patients’ pain and discomfort between interrupted and continuous force patterns.
Conclusion: Both interrupted and continuous force patterns, with 120 g initial force magnitude, cause no difference in biochemically-assessed bone remodeling activity, same rate of space closure and same patients’ pain and discomfort. Initial orthodontic force magnitude, of both interrupted and continuous force patterns, may play an important role for alveolar bone remodeling and clinical outcomes.

Key words: Chondroitin sulphate, Gingival crevicular fluid, Interrupted force, Continuous force

How to cite : Threesuttacheep R, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P, Ongchai S, Jotikasthira D, Chatiketu P, Krisanpra, Comparisons of chondroitin sulphate levels in orthodontically moved canines and clinical outcomes between two different force patterns. J Dent Spec 2015;3(1):5-15

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