- Visibility 155 Views
- Downloads 32 Downloads
The relationship between burnout and perfectionism in medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia
- Author Details:
-
Khalid Aboalshamat
-
Maha Alzahrani
-
Nejoud Rabie
-
Rahaf Alharbi
-
Roaa Joudah
-
Shatha Khulaysi
-
Walaa *
Objectives: The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and burnout, and the prevalence of burnout, in medical and dental students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Materials and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 645 clinical-year medical and dental students and interns in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout, and the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale was used to measure perfectionism. SPSS version 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Data were analyzed by linear regression, t-test, and ANOVA.
Results: There was no significant correlation between burnout and any of the three types of perfectionism that were studied. The prevalence of normal or low burnout was 32.1%, and the prevalence of high burnout was 67.9%. The mean (standard deviation) of perfectionistic self-promotion was 42.99 (10.01), of non-display of imperfection was 42.314 (10.70), and of non-disclosure of imperfection was 29.50 (5.95). Burnout was higher in Saudis, students from low-income families, and clinical year students than in other subgroups. None of the three types of perfectionism were significantly correlated with gender, faculty (medicine or dentistry), marital status, family income, or type of college (government or private).
Conclusions: Because medical and dental students suffer from high levels of burnout, health programs to support the students and provide palliative measures for their psychological burdens are recommended.
Keywords: Burnout, Perfectionism, Medical students, Dental students, Saudi Arabia.
References
- Alzahem A, Van der Molen H, Alaujan A, Schmidt H, Zamakhshary M. Stress amongst dental students: a systematic review. Eur J Dent Edu 2011;15(1):8-18.
- Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD. Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among US and Canadian medical students. Acad Med 2006;81(4):354-73.
- Muzafar Y, Khan HH, Ashraf H, Hussain W, Sajid H, Tahir M, et al. Burnout and its associated factors in medical students of Lahore, Pakistan. Cureus 2015;7(11):e390.
- Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD. Medical student distress: causes, consequences, and proposed solutions. Mayo Clin Proc 2005;80(12):1613-22.
- Elani HW, Allison PJ, Kumar RA, Mancini L, Lambrou A, Bedos C. A systematic review of stress in dental students. J Dent Edu 2014;78(2):226-42.
- Maslach C, Jackson SE. The measurement of experienced burnout. J Organ Behav 1981;2(2):99-113.
- IsHak W, Nikravesh R, Lederer S, Perry R, Ogunyemi D, Bernstein C. Burnout in medical students: a systematic review. Clin Teach 2013;10(4):242-5.
- Atalayin C, Balkis M, Tezel H, Onal B, Kayrak G. The prevalence and consequences of burnout on a group of preclinical dental students. Eur J Dent 2015;9(3):356.
- Campos JADB, Jordani PC, Zucoloto ML, Bonafé FSS, Maroco J. Burnout syndrome among dental students. Rev Bras Epidemiol 2012;15(1):155-65.
- Mafla A, Villa Torres L, Polychronopoulou A, Polanco H, Moreno Juvinao V, Parra Galvis D. Burnout prevalence and correlates amongst Colombian dental students: the Stresscode study. Eur J Dent Edu 2015;19(4):242-50.
- Amin WM, Al-Ali MH, Duaibis RB, Oweis T, Badran DH. Burnout among the clinical dental students in the Jordanian Universities. J Clin Med Res 2009(4):207-11.
- Dahlin M, Runeson B. Burnout and psychiatric morbidity among medical students entering clinical training: a three year prospective questionnaire and interview-based study. BMC Med Educ 2007;7(1):6.
- Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Power DV, Durning S, Moutier C, Massie Jr FS, et al. Burnout and serious thoughts of dropping out of medical school: a multi-institutional study. Acad Med 2010;85(1):94-102.
- Prinz P, Hertrich K, Hirschfelder U, de Zwaan M. Burnout, depression and depersonalisation–Psychological factors and coping strategies in dental and medical students. GMS Z Med Ausbild 2012;29(1).
- Badran D, Al-Ali M, Duaibis R, Amin W. Burnout among clinical dental students at Jordanian universities/L'epuisement professionnel chez les etudiants en dentisterie des universites jordaniennes. East Mediterr Health J 2010;16(4):434.
- Galán F, Ríos-Santos J-V, Polo J, Rios-Carrasco B, Bullón P. Burnout, depression and suicidal ideation in dental students. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2014;19(3):e206.
- West CP, Huschka MM, Novotny PJ, Sloan JA, Kolars JC, Habermann TM. Association of perceived medical errors with resident distress and empathy: a prospective longitudinal study. JAMA 2006;296(9):1071-8.
- Dyrbye LN, Massie FS, Eacker A, Harper W, Power D, Durning SJ. Relationship between burnout and professional conduct and attitudes among US medical students. JAMA 2010;304(11):1173-80.
- Rotenstein LS, Ramos MA, Torre M, Segal JB, Peluso MJ, Guille C. Prevalence of depression, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation among medical students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2016;316(21):2214-36.
- Wolf MR, Rosenstock JB. Inadequate sleep and exercise associated with burnout and depression among medical students. Acad Psychiatry 2016;41(2):174-79.
- Dyrbye LN, West CP, Satele D, Boone S, Tan L, Sloan J. Burnout among US medical students, residents, and early career physicians relative to the general US population. Acad Med 2014;89(3):443-51.
- Choi J, Son SL, Kim SH, Kim H, Hong J-Y, Lee M-S. The prevalence of burnout and the related factors among some medical students in Korea. Korean J Med Educ 2015;27(4):301-8.
- Fares J, Saadeddin Z, Al Tabosh H, Aridi H, El Mouhayyar C, Koleilat MK. Extra curricular activities associated with stress and burnout in preclinical medical students. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2016;6(3):177-85.
- Van Venrooij LT, Barnhoorn PC, Giltay EJ, van Noorden MS. Burnout, depression and anxiety in preclinical medical students: a cross-sectional survey. Int JAdolesc Med Health 2015;29(3).
- Costa EFdO, Santos SA, Santos ATRdA, Melo EVd, Andrade TMd. Burnout Syndrome and associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study. Clinics 2012;67(6):573-80.
- Almalki SA, Almojali AI, Alothman AS, Masuadi EM, Alaqeel MK. Burnout and its association with extracurricular activities among medical students in Saudi Arabia. Int J Med Educ 2017;8:144.
- Albalawi AE, Alhawiti TS, Aldahi AS, Mohammed Y, Alshehri SK, Mirghani HO. The assessment of the burnout syndrome among medical students in Tabuk University, a cross-sectional analytic study. BRJMCS 2015;6(1):14-19.
- Pöhlmann K, Jonas I, Ruf S, Harzer W. Stress, burnout and health in the clinical period of dental education. Eur J Dent Educ 2005;9(2):78-84.
- Yu JH, Chae SJ, Chang KH. The relationship among self- efficacy, perfectionism and academic burnout in medical school students. Korean J Med Educ 2016;28(1):49.
- Kyeon Y-G, Cho S-M, Hwang H-G, Lee K-U. The Khalid Aboalshamat et al. The relationship between burnout and perfectionism in Saudi Arabia J Dent Specialities.2017;5(2):122-127 127 effects of perfectionism on academic achievement in medical students. Korean J Med Educ 2010;22(3):205-14.
- Hewitt PL, Flett GL. Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. J Pers Soc Psychol 1991;60(3):456.
- Ahn D, Kim O. Perfectionism, achievement goals, and academic efficacy in medical students. Korean J Med Educ 2006;18(2):141-52.
- Henning K, Ey S, Shaw D. Perfectionism, the impostor phenomenon and psychological adjustment in medical, dental, nursing and pharmacy students. Med Educ 1998;32(5):456-64.
- Sullivan LM. Essentials of biostatistics in public health. 2nd ed: Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning;
- Kristensen TS, Borritz M, Villadsen E, Christensen KB. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout. Work Stress 2005;19(3):192-207.
- Hewitt PL, Flett GL, Sherry SB, Habke M, Parkin M, Lam RW. The interpersonal expression of perfection: Perfectionistic self-presentation and psychological distress. J Pers Soc Psychol 2003;84(6):1303.
- Borritz M, Rugulies R, Christensen K, Villadsen E, Kristensen T. Burnout as a predictor of self-reported sickness absence among human service workers: prospective findings from three year follow up of the PUMA study. Occup Environ Med 2006;63(2):98-106.
- Aboalshamat K, Hou X-Y, Strodl E. Psychological health of medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia: A longitudinal study. Public Health Res 2014;4(5):179-84.
- Aboalshamat K, Hou X-Y, Strodl E. Psychological well- being status among medical and dental students in Makkah, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Med Teach 2015;37(suppl):S75-S81.
- Stoeber J, Stoeber FS. Domains of perfectionism: Prevalence and relationships with perfectionism, gender, age, and satisfaction with life. Pers Individ Dif 2009;46(4):530-5.
- Aboalshamat K, Hou X-Y, Strodl E. The impact of a self- development coaching programme on medical and dental students’ psychological health and academic performance: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Med Educ 2015;15(1):134.
- Aboalshamat K, Hou X-Y, Strodl E. Improving dental and medical students’ psychological health using a self- development coaching program: A pilot study. J Adv Med Res 2013;3(3):45-57.
How to Cite This Article
Vancouver
Aboalshamat K, Alzahrani M, Rabie N, Alharbi R, Joudah R, Khulaysi S, Walaa . The relationship between burnout and perfectionism in medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia [Internet]. J Dent Spec. 2017 [cited 2025 Nov 01];5(2):122-127. Available from: https://doi.org/
APA
Aboalshamat, K., Alzahrani, M., Rabie, N., Alharbi, R., Joudah, R., Khulaysi, S., Walaa, (2017). The relationship between burnout and perfectionism in medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia. J Dent Spec, 5(2), 122-127. https://doi.org/
MLA
Aboalshamat, Khalid, Alzahrani, Maha, Rabie, Nejoud, Alharbi, Rahaf, Joudah, Roaa, Khulaysi, Shatha, Walaa, . "The relationship between burnout and perfectionism in medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia." J Dent Spec, vol. 5, no. 2, 2017, pp. 122-127. https://doi.org/
Chicago
Aboalshamat, K., Alzahrani, M., Rabie, N., Alharbi, R., Joudah, R., Khulaysi, S., Walaa, . "The relationship between burnout and perfectionism in medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia." J Dent Spec 5, no. 2 (2017): 122-127. https://doi.org/