The effect of vibratory stimulus on Interleukin 1ß levels and it's correlation with the rate of tooth movement during retraction.- A split mouth study

Authors: Piush Kumar, Shreya Agrawal, Payal Sharma, Divya Shetty, shubhangi Jain, Bhupender Singh

DOI: 10.18231/j.jds.12168.1858687868

Keywords: Orthodontic Tooth Movement,Interleukin-1beta,Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed

Abstract: Aim and Objectives: Prolonged orthodontic treatment duration is a major concern in clinical practice. Techniques aimed at accelerating tooth movement include both biochemical and physical stimulation methods. This study evaluated the effect of vibratory stimulus on Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and its correlation with the rate of canine retraction. Methods: A split-mouth clinical study was conducted on 10 patients undergoing maxillary first premolar extractions. Canine retraction was performed using NiTi coil springs on both sides; one side received additional vibratory stimulus via electric toothbrush use (8 minutes twice daily for 8 weeks). GCF samples were collected at 0 (T0), 24 hours (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 8 weeks (T3). IL-1β levels were analyzed using ELISA. Tooth movement was measured using digital calipers, and pain perception was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical analysis was conducted using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired t-test, and Pearson’s correlation. Results: Both groups showed a significant increase in IL-1β levels at 24 hours, followed by a gradual decline toward baseline by 8 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of tooth movement or IL-1β levels between the vibratory and control groups. However, patients in the vibratory group reported significantly lower VAS pain scores. Conclusion: Vibratory stimulus does not enhance the rate of tooth movement or sustain elevated IL-1β levels but is effective in reducing orthodontic pain. No correlation was found between IL-1β levels and rate of tooth movement.